viernes, 24 de febrero de 2012

Combating Global Warming mindmap.

Link original
http://jlsaaavedra.edublogs.org/

Ahora un interesante enlace a un video sobre el tema.
Earth's relatively stable and hospitable average temperature is the result of a phenomenon called the greenhouse effect. The presence in the atmosphere of naturally occurring compounds, known as greenhouse gases, maintains Earth's temperature. This video segment adapted from NOVA/FRONTLINE describes how human activities are increasing greenhouse gas concentrations and explains what effect this might have on global temperatures.


Por si acaso todavía tienes un poco más de tiempo, visita 


Multimedia Resources

Materials

For each pair or small group of students:
  • three thermometers
  • two clear glass jars that will fit over the thermometers
  • sun lamp or sunny windowsill
  • paper towels
  • Scientific notebooks or journals for recording data and observations
  • Graph paper
One clock to be used by the entire class

Before the Lesson

If possible, arrange computer access for all students to work individually or in pairs. Prepare thermometers, jars, and sun lamps for each pair or small group of students.

The Lesson

Part I: What Is Global Climate Change?

1. Write the word climate on the board and ask students to try to define it. Write down their suggestions on the board. Once the list is complete, help students synthesize their ideas into a class definition. For example, one definition might be: "Climate is how weather acts over a large area over many years." Then have students discuss different types of climate areas on Earth: for example, polar, temperate, mountain, etc.
2. Ask students to think about the term global climate . Ask them how global climate might differ from regional or local climate. Discuss with students that the term global climate describes Earth's overall climate variability — such as average temperature, average precipitation, average intensity of winds, and other conditions of Earth's overall atmosphere and at its surface — separate from any specific weather events or local climate conditions. Show the Climate Change QuickTime Video and discuss the following questions:
  1. What is the difference between weather and climate?
  2. How do scientists measure the average world temperature in past eons?
  3. Before 8000 B.C., dramatic changes in average temperature occurred over just a few years' time. What was happening to the global climate before 8000 B.C.?
3. Ice cores are critical to understanding the conditions on Earth over the past 40,000 years, but obtaining them is no easy task. Have students work in pairs or small groups to explore the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2: A Record of Climate Change Flash Interactive to learn about the difficulties scientists face as they drill for ice cores in Greenland, and to find out what the scientists are learning about global climate change from the ice. Have students answer the following questions in their journals: Why do you think this project was so difficult to mount and took as long as it did?
  1. Analyze the Greenland Summit Temperature graph. Describe the two variables shown on this graph (temperature and time). During what time period did the largest change in temperature occur? Have we seen world average temperature changes occur this rapidly in the past century?
  2. Analyze the Methane Concentration graph. When did the largest change in methane gas concentration occur?
  3. Look at the Methane graph with the temperature overlay showing. What is the general relationship between methane concentration and temperature?
  4. Analyze the Calcium (Dust) graph. How does calcium dust get into the glacial ice? When did the largest change in calcium dust concentration occur?
  5. Look at the Calcium graph with the temperature overlay showing. What is the general relationship between calcium dust concentration and temperature? Why does this relationship even exist? (Hint: Think about reflected light.)
  6. Analyze the Insolation graph. When did the largest change in insolation occur?
  7. Look at the Insolation graph with the temperature overlay showing. What is the general relationship between insolation and temperature? What else besides the chemicals in the atmosphere affects the temperature on Earth?
  8. How might any of these variables (temperature, methane concentration, calcium dust concentration, and insolation) be used to determine past or future climatic conditions?
4. Dramatic global climate change is evident in many places on Earth. For example, Djibouti, which lies east of the Sahara is one of the hottest and most arid countries in the world. However, it wasn't always this way. Show students the Natural Climate Change in Djibouti, Africa QuickTime Video and discuss these questions:
  1. Explain how the tilt of Earth on its axis is related to our changing seasons.
  2. What evidence do the shells provide to scientists?
  3. What is the most recent scientific explanation for the dramatic climate change that caused the Sahara's massive lakes to dry up?

Part II: The Greenhouse Gases

5. Divide the class into small groups to begin exploring the effects of greenhouse gases on our atmosphere. Distribute the prepared materials to each group. Have each group place three thermometers within a few inches of each other on a sunny windowsill or under a sun lamp. Be sure that all three thermometers receive the same amount of light for the entire class period. Have students move on to the next activity, but ask them to periodically check the thermometers until they are at exactly the same temperature. Ask students to record this temperature and the time.
6. Now cover two thermometers with glass jars, leaving one thermometer uncovered. Students should place a wet paper towel inside one of the two jars. Use water at room temperature to wet the paper towel. (In this experiment, the water vapor will act like a greenhouse gas and increase the temperature in the jar with the wet paper towel even more than the temperature in the dry jar.) Continue with the next activity, but have students periodically check all three thermometers and record the temperature and time.
7. The presence of greenhouse gases, compounds in the atmosphere that trap heat, maintains Earth's temperature. Human activities, however, are increasing greenhouse gas concentrations and affecting global temperatures. Show students the video Global Warming: The Physics of the Greenhouse Effect QuickTime Video to introduce them to these concepts, and have them answer these questions:
  1. What is the greenhouse effect?
  2. What are four naturally occurring greenhouse gases?
  3. What would Earth be like without the greenhouse effect?
  4. What are some manmade sources of greenhouse gases other than power plants and automobiles?
  5. What natural phenomena produce greenhouse gases?
8. If they have not already done so, have students take temperature readings of the thermometers inside the jars and compare them to the temperature of the thermometer outside the jars. Then show the video Global Warming: Carbon Dioxide and the Greenhouse Effect QuickTime Video and discuss the following:
  1. Why does the image of the scientist fade after carbon dioxide has been turned on? How does this explain the greenhouse effect?
  2. What would the scientist feel like if he were inside the tube? How does this explain the effect of carbon dioxide on the temperature of the atmosphere?
  3. How long does it take for carbon dioxide to spread throughout Earth's atmosphere? How long does it take to be absorbed into the oceans?
9. In small groups, have students take their final temperature measurements and analyze the data that they have collected. Students should graph the data to show how the temperature of the thermometers under the "dry" glass jar and the "moist" glass jar changed throughout the day, and how these temperatures compared with the temperature of the thermometer outside the jars. Finally, ask students to write a summary of their findings and how these results compare to the greenhouse effect of our atmosphere.

Check for Understanding

Have students discuss the following:
  1. What tools/methods are used to study climate change in the history of Earth?
  2. What is the general climatic trend on Earth as revealed by the evidence gathered through these methods?
  3. Distinguish between the greenhouse effect and global warming.
  4. In what ways are humans having an effect on the concentration of greenhouse gases?
The Digital Library for Earth System Education (www.dlese.org) offers access to additional resources on this topic.

jueves, 23 de febrero de 2012

Genética.

En estas dos entradas de mi blog en inglés podéis encontrar información en la primera.

  • con una visita a un glosario de términos
  • con otra a la página de los Premios Nobel para jugar formando la doble molécula del ADN
  • información sobre los premiados en ese año:" The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962 was awarded jointly to Francis Harry Compton Crick, James Dewey Watson and Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins“for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material”.
  • o información sobre el descubrimiento de la doble helice.
    En la segunda tenemos juegos muy interesantes:

    Building DNA Construct a DNA molecule, examine its double-helix structure, and then go through the DNA replication process. Learn how each component fits into a DNA molecule, and see how a unique, self-replicating code can be created        .
    http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=439                                                                                                                    
    Chiken genetics
    Breed “pure” chickens with known genotypes that exhibit specific feather colors, and learn how traits are passed on via codominant genes. Chickens can be stored in cages for future breeding, and thestatistics of feather color are reported every time the chickens breed. Punnett squares can be used to predict results   .
    http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=453

    DNA Fingerprint Analysis


    Scan the DNA of frogs to produce DNA fingerprints. Use the DNA fingerprints to identify possible identical twins and to determine which sections of DNA code for the skin color, eye color, and presence or absence of spots.
    http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=406          #406 Gizmo Image
     

The cell song.


Pretensiones sobre la Antátida.


La Antártida (del griego ανταρκτικως «antarktikos», "opuesto a ártico"), también denominado Continente Antártico o Antártica, es el continente sobre el cual se encuentra el Polo Sur. La definición más común comprende como Antártida los territorios al sur del paralelo 60º S, que coincide con la zona bajo el Tratado Antártico. Atendiendo más a la geografía física, el límite estaría en la Convergencia Antártica, incluyendo por ejemplo las islasGeorgias del Sur y Sandwich del Sur (cerca del continente americano). Tiene una forma casi circular de 4500 km de diámetro sobre la que sobresale una angosta península en forma de «S», proyectada hacia el extremo austral de Sudamérica.
Es el continente más elevado de la Tierra, con una altitud promedio de 2000 msnm. Alberga alrededor del 80% del agua dulce del planeta. Es también el continente con el promedio de humedad más bajo de la Tierra y el de temperatura promedio más baja.
El punto más alto del continente es el Macizo Vinson, con 4900 msnm. El monte Erebus es un volcán activo de la Antártida situado en la costa oriental de isla de Ross. Su elevación es de 3794 msnm.

Reivindicantes

Hay suscrito un acuerdo internacional de no extracción de minerales de la Antártida durante 50 años (Tratado Antártico, 1959).
  • República de Argentina reclama casi 1 millón de km2 de la antártida, la superficie comprendida entre los meridianos 25º y 74º Oeste. Este territorio se conoce localmente como Antártida Argentina.
  • Chile y su Antártica Chilena (oficialmente Territorio Chileno Antártico), entre los paralelos 53º y 90º Oeste.
  • Reino Unido y su Antártida Británica
  • Noruega
  • Australia
  • Nueva Zelanda

miércoles, 22 de febrero de 2012

Como centrarse en la época de la distracción.

Link
http://jlsaaavedra.edublogs.org/

Juega con la genética.

En esta pagina puedes encontrar las definiciones sobre genética.
Luego podemos jugar con una gran variedad de formas de juegos, además de aprender con la genética.
Building DNA #439 Gizmo Image


Chicken Genetics #453 Gizmo Image





Etapas de la evolución de Europa.

La Unión Europea (UE) es una comunidad política de Derecho constituida en régimen de organización internacional sui generis, nacida para propiciar y acoger la integración y gobernanza en común de los pueblos y de los estados de Europa. Está compuesta por veintisiete estadoseuropeos y fue establecida con la entrada en vigor del Tratado de la Unión Europea (TUE), el 1 de noviembre de 1993.


martes, 7 de febrero de 2012

Charles Dickens.

Hoy se cumple el 200 aniversario del nacimiento de este extraordinario escritor inglés.  Nacido  (Portsmouth, Inglaterra, 7 de febrero de 1812  y muerto en Gads Hill Place, Inglaterra, 9 de junio de 1870) , uno de los más conocidos de la literatura universal . Al género narrativo le  imprimió ciertas dosis de humor e ironía, practicando a la vez una aguda crítica social. En su obra destacan las descripciones de gente y lugares, tanto reales como imaginarios. Utilizó en ocasiones el seudónimo Boz. link:



Estas son algunas de sus obras:

Vídeos de geología.

Sobre la Tectónica de placas.


Gea  la formación de las rocas, parte1.

domingo, 5 de febrero de 2012

La linea del tiempo del Doctor Who.

Una historia muy detallada línea de tiempo de Doctor Who de la Cabletv.com 
Echa un vistazo a esta línea de tiempo completo de Doctor Who de 1963 hasta el presente, incluyendo los episodios, temporadas, compañeros, villanos, y mucho más. Desplácese hacia abajo para seguir las aventuras del doctor a través del tiempo. Un recurso fantástico para cualquier médico que peguen entre sí.
En primer lugar se trata de una línea de tiempo del Doctor Who episodios 1963 a 2011. He publicado antes otras, pero ninguno que contenía este nivel de detalle. De izquierda a derecha tienes temporadas, episodios, doctor, que, que compañeros, villanos principales y hechos adicionales. Al ver la línea de tiempo en la página original , los títulos de los episodios también se enumeran en el lado izquierdo y alineado con la infografía.
Hay un par de cambios de diseño que yo propondría que hubieran hecho los datos más fácil de entender. Una de las cosas que me encanta es que no hay ninguna leyenda, o cualquier necesidad de una. Todas las descripciones de las visualizaciones de codificación por colores y los datos se incluye en los diseños visuales. Sin embargo, algunos de el color-codificación es inconsistente. El color de Rose Tyler como el primero de los compañeros modernos es de color verde en la línea de tiempo, pero datos adicionales acerca de Rose son de color azul en la última columna. Esto también se aplica sobre el carácter del capitán, y otros compañeros, en un código de colores consistentes que han hecho las conexiones más fácil para que el lector entienda.
via: http://www.coolinfographics.com/blog/2012/1/3/the-timeline-of-doctor-who.html